NumPI March 2019

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Seminar on 04/04 (Peter Benner)
by Leonardo Robol 22 Mar '19

22 Mar '19

Speaker: Peter Benner Affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Time: Thursday, 04 April 2019, h. 15:00 Place: Sala Seminari Ovest, Dipartimento di Informatica Title: Low-rank tensor methods for PDE-constrained optimization under uncertainty We discuss optimization and control of unsteady partial differential equations (PDEs), where some coefficient of the PDE as well as the control may be uncertain. This may be due to the lack of knowledge about the exact physical parameters, like material properties describing a real-world problem (''epistemic uncertainty'') or the inability to apply a computed optimal control exactly in practice. Using a stochastic Galerkin space-time discretization of the optimality system resulting from such PDE-constrained optimization problems under uncertainty leads to large-scale linear or nonlinear systems of equations in saddle point form. Nonlinearity is treated with a Picard-type iteration in which linear saddle point systems have to be solved in each iteration step. Using data compression based on separation of variables and the tensor train (TT) format, we show how these large-scale indefinite and (non)symmetric systems that typically have 10⁸ to 10¹⁵ unknowns can be solved without the use of HPC technology. The key observation is that the unknown and the data can be well approximated in a new block TT format that reduces complexity by several orders of magnitude. As examples, we consider control and optimization problems for the linear heat equation, the unsteady Stokes and Stokes-Brinkman equations, as well as the incompressible unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. The talk surveys the results published in [1,2] and provides new results for the Navier-Stokes case. [1] P. Benner, A. Onwunta, M. Stoll, Block-diagonal preconditioning for optimal control problems constrained by PDEs with uncertain inputs, SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications, 37(2):491--518, 2016. [2] P. Benner, S. Dolgov, A. Onwunta, M. Stoll, Low-rank solvers for unsteady Stokes-Brinkman optimal control problem with random data, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 304:26--54, 2016.

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Fwd: [Dipartimento.di] Seminar: Machine Learning & Optimization: A Fruitful Interplay - M. Sanguineti
by Leonardo Robol 22 Mar '19

22 Mar '19

Dear all, I would like to advertise the following seminar, that might be of interest to some of you. Best, -- Leonardo. -------- Messaggio originale -------- Oggetto: [Dipartimento.di] Seminar: Machine Learning & Optimization: A Fruitful Interplay - M. Sanguineti Data: 06-03-2019 16:28 Mittente: Alessio Micheli <micheli(a)di.unipi.it> Destinatario: dipartimento(a)di.unipi.it Cari tutti, con piacere annuncio il seguente seminario di Marcello Sanguineti in dipartimento. DATE/HOUR: Thursday, March 28, 2019 – 3 P.M. ROOM: Sala seminari ovest - Dip. di Informatica – Pisa TITLE: Machine Learning & Optimization: A Fruitful Interplay SPEAKER: Marcello Sanguineti, Department of Computer Science, Bioengineering,Robotics, and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genova ABSTRACT: Since the very beginning, there has been a fruitful exchange between machine learning and optimization. While machine learning exploits optimization models and algorithms, it simultaneously poses problems which often constitute optimization challenges. This cross-fertilization is particularly evident nowadays. Many applications produce data that have to be processed and many other applications are based on data that have already been processed. In society, data-producers and data-consumers continuously exchange their roles. At the same time, scientists generate and collect huge amounts of data and need to develop methodologies for data analysis. This requires the use of ever more powerful approaches and techniques. Among these improvements, those coming from the field of optimization surely play a basic role. Not only classical optimization frameworks, such as stochastic approximation, first-order methods, and convex relaxation, are exploited in machine learning, but also more sophisticated models and techniques, such as regularized optimization, robust optimization, and functional optimization. In this talk, I provide a non-technical review of some optimization paradigms and techniques used in machine learning and I emphasize some aspects at the confluence of these two disciplines. The interplay between machine learning and optimization continues to develop, and its benefits are there for all to see. Riferimento: Alessio Micheli. -- Saluti, Alessio.

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Seminar next Monday (Vanni Noferini)
by Leonardo Robol 21 Mar '19

21 Mar '19

Dear all, next Monday we will have a seminar by Vanni Noferini; starting from the following week, we will try to go back to the original schedule of having seminars on Thursday afternoon. You are all welcome! Best wishes, -- Leonardo. Speaker: Vanni Noferini Affiliation: University of Essex / Aalto University Time: Monday, 25 March 2019, h. 10:00 Place: Sala Seminari, Dipartimento di Matematica Title: Matrices in companion rings and their Smith forms, with applications to group theory and algebraic topology In group theory, various properties of the abelianization of a cyclically presented group can be deduced by the Smith normal form of an integer circulant matrix. Motivated by this fact, we present a number of results on the Smith form of matrices that are polynomials in the companion matrix of a polynomial with coefficients in a generic elementary divisor domain. Our tools are of purely matrix theoretical nature and I will present them from the point of view of a matrix theorist. However, they enable significant advances in pure algebra. In particular, I plan to discuss how our results provide a tool to study the homology of 3-dimensional Brieskorn manifolds, which are objects of (apparently) interest for topologists. If time permits, I will mention other possible applications to group theory.

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Seminar next Thursday (Vladimir Druskin)
by Leonardo Robol 20 Mar '19

20 Mar '19

Dear all, there will be two seminars next week: in addition to the one by Carla Hernando on Monday, Vladimir Druskin will give a talk on Thursday at SNS. You find more details in the abstract below. You are all welcome to attend. Best wishes, -- Leonardo. Speaker: Vladimir Druskin Affiliation: Worcester Polytechnic Institute Time: Monday, 21 March 2019, h. 15:00 Place: Aula Mancini, SNS Title: Embedding properties of network realizations of reduced order models with applications to inverse scattering and data science Continued fractions are known since antiquity as the most compact representations of numbers. At the end of the 19th century Stieltjes connected them with physics. This connection gave rise to network syntheses in the first half of the 20th century that was at the base of modern electronics design and consecutively to model order reduction (MOR) that tremendously impacted many areas of engineering by enabling efficient compression of the underlining dynamical systems. In his seminal 1950s works Krein realized that in addition to their compressing properties, Stieltjes continuous fractions can be used to embed the data back into the state space of the underlying dynamical system via special mechanical networks known as Stieltjes strings. Such networks can learn the underlying PDE system from the data (transfer function) via rigorously chosen hyper-parameters. Among many application of this powerful approach we discuss the following two. 1. Imaging in strongly scattering media with waves (e.g.,seismic exploration) via data-driven MOR. 2. Reduced order graph-Laplacians and efficient cluster analysis of big data sets.

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Annuncio di Seminario
by Leonardo Robol 13 Mar '19

13 Mar '19

Dear all, on Monday next week Carla Hernando, a PhD student visiting the department of Computer Science for three months, will give a seminar on her research. You are all welcome to attend, the abstract is attached below. Best wishes, -- Leonardo. Speaker: Carla Hernando Affiliation: UC3M, Madrid Time: Monday, 18 March 2019, h. 14:00 Place: Sala Seminari, Dipartimento di Matematica Title: Sparse linearizations and (sparse) structured ell-ifications The talk is divided in two main parts. The first one is focused on (generalized) companion pencils, which are strong linearizations and they present a template involving no arithmetic operations at all. In addition, we are mainly interested in sparse (generalized) companion pencils and then, we determine the smallest number of nonzero entries of a particular class of companion pencils. In the case of generalized companion pencils, we should impose natural conditions on its entries. In the second one, a family of structured block Kronecker ell-ifications will be introduced. This family has the particular structure of a strong block minimal bases polynomial, introduced in [1]. Furthermore, we have introduced two new subfamilies of structured block Kronecker ell-ifications where not only there is no duplication of the coefficients of the polynomial, but also the degree-ell polynomial is sparse. This is joint work with Fernando de Terán (UC3M, Spain), my thesis director. [1] F.M.Dopico, J.Pérez, P.Van Dooren. Block minimal bases ell-ifications of matrix polynomials. Linear Algebra Appl., 562 (2019), 163-204

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Annuncio di Seminario
by Leonardo Robol 13 Mar '19

13 Mar '19

Dear all, the next seminar will be the next week on Thursday (so _not_ tomorrow), and will be hosted at SNS. You find the abstract below. See you there, Best, -- Leonardo. Speaker: Michiel Hochstenbach Affiliation: TU Eindhoven Time: Thursday, 14 March 2019, h. 15:00 Place: Aula Tonelli, SNS Title: Solving polynomial systems by determinantal representations Zeros of a polynomial, p(x)=0, are often determined by computing the eigenvalues of a companion matrix: a matrix A which satisfies det(A-xI)=p(x). In this talk we consider polynomial systems, in particular in 2 variables: p(x,y)=0, q(x,y)=0. We look for a determinantal representation for such a bivariate polynomial: matrices A, B, C such that det(A-xB-yC)=p(x,y). This means that we can compute the zeros of the system by solving a 2-parameter eigenvalue problem. This approach, which already goes back to a theorem by Dixon in 1902, leads to fast solution methods, as well as a multitude of interesting open research questions. This is mainly joint work with Bor Plestenjak (Ljubljana), and additionally several colleagues in algebra, among which Ada Boralevi (Torino).

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NumPI March 2019